{"id":14615,"date":"2024-09-04T08:57:58","date_gmt":"2024-09-04T08:57:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ruregold.mediaengine.it\/it\/repairing-the-support\/"},"modified":"2024-09-04T08:58:29","modified_gmt":"2024-09-04T08:58:29","slug":"repairing-the-support","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ruregold.mediaengine.it\/en\/repairing-the-support\/","title":{"rendered":"Repairing the support"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Repairing the support<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Repairing the existing support in concrete and masonry and preparing it for the application of FRCM, FRP and Reinforced Plaster \nstructural strengthening systems.<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t
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Preparing the support for FRP and FRCM systems<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhen applying FRP<\/strong><\/span><\/a> and FRCM<\/strong><\/span><\/a> structural strengthening systems, the starting hypotheses are linked to the need for the system to adhere perfectly to the support it is applied to<\/b> (r.c. or masonry element).\n\nDepending on their respective resistance and preparation method, masonry and concrete substrates<\/b> may lead to the efficacy of the work being overestimated.\n\nFor example, it is important to be aware<\/b> that applying shrinking compensated mortars to substrates with low surface roughness<\/b> may cause the concrete cover to become detached, nullifying the positive effects of the operation.\n\nDue to the tendency of the metallic reinforcements to deteriorate<\/b>, when preparation work on the concrete substrate must be carried out in depth and cover all the areas affected by negative electrical potentials<\/b>: in other words, the work should not be limited to areas where there are evident signs of rust.\n\nIt is equally important to ensure that connecting studs are dimensioned correctly<\/b>; if these elements are excessively rigid, they may concentrate high levels of tension tangential to the interface, resulting in peaks capable of causing localised de-lamination.\n\nFor the reasons set out above, the CNR Instructions (DT 200R1\/2013 and DT215\/2018)<\/b> focus on the existing substrate, the potential performance of the structural strengthening systems (FRP and FRCM) and the degree to which they are dependent on the nature of the substrate.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\nRepairing the existing concrete\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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The process of repairing the existing concrete involves removing all the deteriorated and carbonated portions of the concrete, including the areas surrounding the iron parts to be treated<\/b>. The deteriorated concrete must be removed manually or mechanically, so as to obtain a mechanically resistant surface that is sufficiently rough (roughness \u2265 5 mm)<\/b>. It is important to ensure the iron is free from interruptions, grease, oil and rust. We also recommend sandblasting the metal reinforcement to expose clean metal or, if this is not possible, brushing the surface of the metal thoroughly to achieve the same effect. Any additional and\/or replaced reinforcements must also be treated in the same way. <\/span>Once these preliminary operations are complete, use a paintbrush to apply two coats of Ruregold PASSIVATOR<\/a><\/span> anti-corrosive cementitious mortar<\/b> so as to cover the entire surface of the iron with an even layer. It is unavoidable that some of the passivator will get onto the surrounding concrete while applying it to the iron, but this will not cause any damage.<\/span><\/p>\n

The aim of applying the passivator to the iron is to raise the pH above the minimum level necessary to prevent it from corroding<\/b>. It is also essential to ensure the passivator adheres correctly to the concrete rebars, which means it must have a sufficient adhesion value on concrete. After applying the anti-corrosive grout to the reinforcement rods so as to protect them, the next step is the volumetric reconstruction of the concrete cover. The reinforced concrete cover may be repaired through volumetric reconstruction with Ruregold MX-R4 Repair<\/a><\/span> mortar<\/b>, applying the product manually with a trowel, or by using a plastering machine, so as to achieve a thickness of 20\/25 mm per layer, applying each coat while the preceding one is still fresh. MX-R4 Repair <\/b>polypropylene fibre-reinforced, cement-based controlled-shrinkage mortar with selected aggregates and super plasticizer admixtures.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Repairing existing masonry<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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The scope of this section is to provide a series of tools and techniques<\/b> that may be used to improve the mechanical characteristics and properties of the masonry element, depending on the specific cases.<\/p>\n

In particular, by focusing on the actual condition of the masonry pier, it is possible to intervene through factors designed to augment the performance of the existing masonry structure<\/b>, regarding, respectively:<\/p>\n

 – high performance mortars;<\/p>\n

 – the presence of courses or mortar joints;<\/p>\n

 – <\/span>the systematic use of transversal connection elements.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBy focusing on strengthening procedures<\/b>, the criteria and types of operations<\/b> it is possible to list a series of applications capable of improving the mechanical characteristics of the existing masonry structure by:\n\n– injecting binder mixes;\n\n– applying reinforced plaster;\n\n– reinforced repointing with connection between walls.\n\nIt is also possible to consider augmenting the load-bearing capacity of the walls<\/b> by implementing the following techniques:\n\n –  <\/span>unstitching\/restitching<\/strong>;\n\n –  <\/span>repointing the mortar<\/strong> joints.\n\nIn the case of procedures based on injecting binder mixes<\/b>, using special Ruregold MX-INJECT NHL<\/b><\/span><\/a> grouts, it is also necessary to conduct a feasibility study<\/b> to determine the capacity of the masonry to absorb and disperse the injected mortar; particular attention must be given to the pressure at which the mix is injected, so as to avoid causing localised instability. The operation should be conducted starting from the base and working upward.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Localised demolition, unstitching\/restitching<\/b>, and subsequent reconstruction should be conducted exercising the utmost caution, avoiding violent impacts and vibration during the demolition phase and implementing any safety measures that may be necessary.<\/p>\n

The procedure is as follows:<\/p>\n

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  1. remove (unstitch<\/b>) the damaged part of the masonry;<\/li>\n
  2. clean<\/b> the wall face using a low-pressure water jet;<\/li>\n
  3. reconstruct (restitch<\/b>) the masonry segments that were removed previously, replacing them with solid bricks, laying the latter using mortar having similar physical-mechanical characteristics as the pre-existing type <\/b>such as Ruregold MX-PVA Fibre-Reinforced<\/b><\/span><\/a>, MX-RW High Performance<\/span><\/a><\/b>,<\/span> MX-CP Lime<\/b><\/a> and MX-15 Plaster<\/b><\/a><\/span> mortars.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    In the case of erosion of the mortar joint<\/b>, resulting in loss of function, we recommend repointing the joints<\/b>; the repair and strengthening procedure is purely superficial (MX-PVA Fibre-Reinforced<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/b>, MX-RW High Performance<\/strong><\/a>, MX-CP Lime<\/b><\/a> and MX-15 Plaster<\/b><\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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    Guide to anti-seismic and structural strengthening solutions | Ruregold<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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    Super Bonus 110% | Guide to the integrated solutions | Leca and Ruregold<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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    Infrastructure brochure: references | Ruregold<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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    Technical notebook | Ruregold<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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